The Poet in Love, the Poet in Pain

Introduction William Butler Yeats is one of the most renowned figures in British as well as world literature. His poems are full of symbolism and mystery, which are combined with clarity and divine power. The poet touched upon numerous topics. Love was one of the major themes in his works. â€Å"Never Give All the Heart† is one of such poems. It was written in 1905. The poem is a response to the poet’s romantic disappointment.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Poet in Love, the Poet in Pain specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The woman he loved, Maud Gonne, got married and broke Yeats’ heart (Ross 170). This poem is a reflection of the poet’s romantic experience revealed with the help of a number of expressive symbols and literary devices which create the mysterious atmosphere of the world of emotions. The ‘Surface’ of the Poem As has been mentioned above, the poem is a res ult of the poet’s sad romantic experience. The woman he loved broke his heart and the poet warns other people to be more careful. The major theme of the poem is unhappy love and the way to love. The poet claims that a person can never lose one’s head, otherwise he/she is likely to lose his/her heart in the game called ‘love’. Yeats is regarded as a great Symbolist poet who managed to make every word meaningful and symbolic. The poem in question is an example of the poet’s style. The poem is full of symbols and hidden meanings. It is also necessary to note that though the poem was written in 1905 when Modernism was flourishing, the piece under consideration is traditional in form, just like the majority of the poet’s works (Ross 170). Therefore, the poet warns people in a very symbolic but, at the same time, explicit way. The Meaning and Symbolism One of the major symbols in the poem is the symbol of the play, called ‘love’. The p oet warns people that it is dangerous to play the game, especially if a person is completely devoted to the one he/she loves, â€Å"And who could play it well enough / If deaf and dumb and blind with love?† (Yeats 79). The poet compares love to a game. On the one hand, the play means a variety of rules and conventions which people have to follow. Glances, smiles, kisses of â€Å"smooth lips† and â€Å"brief, dreamy, kind delight† can be regarded as different tactics to play the game (Yeats 79). Apart from this, there is another symbol. In the poem, the heart also stands for a stake, â€Å"He that made this knows all the cost, / For he gave all his heart and lost† (Yeats 79). Clearly, the poet compares the heart to a stake. Those, who love with all their hearts, can become miserable (and lose their hearts) like a gambler loses all his money, i.e. everything in the game. Furthermore, heart is also a symbol of selfless love.Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The words â€Å"never give all the heart† can be read as follows: always remain sensible (Yeats 79). The poet warns people and stresses that a person should try to critically see the dearest one and his/her behavior. Finally, Yeats claims that love is unlikely to go on forever and he uses the following symbolic line â€Å"it fades out from kiss to kiss† (79). Therefore, Yeats uses symbols to reveal his grief. In his poem, the poet admits that love can be unfair and painful. The Form To have a deeper understanding of the poem, it is important to analyze it in terms of rhythm, meter and literary devices used. Lines in metrical rhythm can be described as tetrameter since there are four feet, â€Å"But a brief, dreamy, kind delight. / O never give the heart outright† (Yeats 79). The meter used is predominantly iambic, â€Å"For he gave all his heart and lo st† (Yeats 79). This adds clarity and expressiveness to the poem. The rhythm is simple and does not distract the reader from perceiving the meaning of each line. As has been mentioned above, the poem is full of meaning and symbols, which are revealed with the help of a variety of literary devices. One of the most apparent devices is repetition of the word â€Å"heart† which is used four times (Yeats 79). This repetition is used to emphasize the importance of being economical with emotions and be less devoted to the dearest one. Besides, the repetition is used as the heart is central to the poem. It has several meanings and functions. Thus, it stands for love, devotion and a stake in a dangerous game. It is but natural that it is used several times. Metonymy is also used to create the image of a beautiful woman, â€Å"smooth lips† (Yeats 79). This device is used to make the poem more expressive. Admittedly, the reader will picture the image of the perfect woman as he/she sees it. Though the device is a bit trivial (lots of poets glorify this part of the woman’s face), it perfectly fits the present poem as it creates the necessary atmosphere of the imagery and somewhat dim world. The dim atmosphere is also created with the help of the following line, â€Å"That it [love] fades out from kiss to kiss† (Yeats 79). Love can easily vanish after several dates. The poet also resorts to quite a common metaphor, â€Å"If deaf and dumb and blind with love?† (Yeats 79). However, in this context, the line creates a very specific image of a gambler who plays his/her game blindfolded. This device supports the poet’s symbol of the game. The reader pictures a gambler who puts everything (own heart) at stake and loses the game. Conclusion To sum up, the poem in question is a majestic reflection of the deepest emotions of the poet in love. Yeats manages to transform his grief into a small literary masterpiece as a love story is told in fourteen lines only. These fourteen lines are full of symbols and meanings. Each line stands for certain stage, i.e. falling in love, giving one’s heart away, disappointment, grief and wisdom. According to Shakespeare, life is a play and people are actors. Yeats makes another important observation which focuses on psychological or spiritual sphere of the human existence.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Poet in Love, the Poet in Pain specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The poet notes that love is a game where people’s hearts are stakes. Yeats stresses that this is a dangerous and painful game which can make people lose the most important, their hearts, i.e. their desire to go on. The poem brings back sad memories to those who have had such experiences. It also warns those who are only about to give their hearts away. In any case, the poem makes the reader feel that love is what makes people ins pired and wise. Works Cited Ross, David A. William Butler Yeats: A Library Reference to His Life and Work. New York, NY: Facts On File, Inc., 2009. Print. Yeats, William Butler. The Collected Works of W.B. Yeats. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster, 2010. Print. This essay on The Poet in Love, the Poet in Pain was written and submitted by user Mariah Terry to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Hae Kyung Lee and Dancers essays

Hae Kyung Lee and Dancers essays This dance performance that we went to see took place at the University Theater Box. I think this was a great performance, it was fun, and interesting. In addition to the content of the performance, I think, the dancers did a wonderful job. I noticed that every movement of the dances had some passion. The title of this dance performance was Hae Kyung Lee and Dancers, I think this title was used for this performance because Hae Kyung Lee is the artist director who founded the choreographer of Hae Kyung Lee and Dancers. I think the genre of this performance was spiritual because with the movement of the dancers they expressed human existence. The theme of this dance performance was to let the audience know that humans are precious; also, humans are distinct from one another, but we are all beautiful. There was no main character in the dance performance, in contrast , I think every person who danced formed the main characters because every person who danced gave us a massage. I think the goal of this dance performance was to encourage people to be proud of oneself, because every individual is precious. The director did have a concept for this production. The concept for this production was that Using the human body as expression with language of dance movement. I do agree with the interpretation of the director because I think that humans can express emotions, feeling, and ideologies with the movement of our bodies. I think every part of our body has the ability to express certain things. For example, the hands, I noticed the dancers used their hands frequently, they would form all kinds of movements and shapes with their hands. I think every part of our body is very useful for expressions, but the hands and facial expressions are more useful because they can create expressions, change expression, and express freely. Regarding the design elements used in the performance...

Critically assess the Role of Trade in Development Essay

Critically assess the Role of Trade in Development - Essay Example In the context of low developed countries, trade becomes crucial to i) reduce economic vulnerability and protect the environment and ii) to mobilize financial resources (UNCTAD, 2010). The role of trade in the economic development and national development strategies are countless. Broadly the decisive role played by trade in economic development is discussed under five major heads in this paper. The goods and services which are produced locally have access to a larger market and the demand expansion effect of trade make the economy capable of overcoming the constraints of its local and domestic market size. This case becomes more relevant in the case of small and medium sized economies who have limited domestic purchasing power. The increasing returns to scale as a result of access to international markets can further reinforce the benefit of operating at a higher output level. The manufactured goods propose better prospects for export earnings by allowing for a more rapid productivity growth and production expansion and also offer the promise of greater price stability as volumes expand, thereby avoiding the declining terms of trade which hinders the long run economic performance of many developing countries (UNCTAD 2002) Trade leads to acquisition of newly affordable goods that are necessary for technological dynamisms, poverty reduction and increasing economic development. Those goods would not available unless export or import occur properly and even if they are available, those may not be for the scarce domestic resources. The import-supply role of the imports like food, fuel, capital equipments, spare parts, intermediate inputs and machinery for long run investment are very critical in the context of low developed and developing countries where the agriculture sector is more predominant and the productive capacities of manufacturing industries are weak. If the foreign earnings from exports are appropriately

Area of Learning Free Writing Exercise Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Area of Learning Free Writing Exercise - Essay Example The sense of duty and courage that is needed for such a job was made aware later on but the interest kindled in me did not go away. Among my childhood memories, I remember playing cops and robbers quite often and on most occasions, I used to play the cop. Though I cannot say that this was responsible for my choice of study later on, nonetheless the philosophy with which I grew up instilled in me a confidence and a moral resoluteness to pursue this field. My first experience of what it takes to react swiftly in an emergency was when I had gone to watch a movie with my friends when I was barely a teenager. As the movie progressed, there was an alarm in the Mall in which the theater was located and this led to an evacuation of the place. Though it turned out to be a false alarm, the quickness with which the security staff of the Mall reacted and the way in which they were professional and competent in evacuating the place impressed me a lot. I realized that to be a good security officer means that one has to keep oneself calm under pressure and not let the people panic. An aspect of that incident was the way in which the security staff were precise in their instructions to us and the way in which they ensured the evacuation in a rapid and orderly manner. As I mentioned in the introduction to my portfolio, the events of 911 were a turning point not only in the history of the United States but for me as well. Having seen how the NYPD and the Firefighters risked their lives trying to save people made me proud of them and inculcated a desire to be like them if not emulate them in their sense of duty and patriotism. This theme or meme has stayed with me ever since those years when I was in my teens and this is one of the major motivations for me to take up the field of security management as a career. My experiences in Best Buy as well as my internship with the Bergen County Prosecutors office have made me aware of other areas of security management which include solvi ng fraud cases in a methodical and professional manner. I have learnt that in most cases of fraud and theft as well as crimes, the unthinkable is the most plausible scenario especially when all the other possibilities have been discounted. Conversely, I have also learnt that sometimes the most obvious clues to the crime are ignored and hence one must keep one’s eyes and ears open to all possibilities, however obvious or unthinkable they are. This has given me a sense of confidence on my abilities to crack crime cases and detect frauds as well as preempting crime and fraud. My ultimate goal is to major in criminal justice and towards this end, I have enrolled in this program so that I gain valuable experience and given the fact that my father was a fire fighter, my early influences were to do with preventing loss of goods and people and hence security management is an area that I have been especially interested in. I hope that I become a security officer at a retail store chai n or join the government (federal or state) where I am of use to the security apparatus. Having written down my thoughts in a free writing manner, I would like to quote one of my favorite slogans which goes like this, Low Crime Does Not Mean No Crime and this is something that has spurred me to be on my toes when dealing with people in the store as well as in the county prosecutor’

Asepsis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Asepsis - Essay Example Asepsis is targeted at eliminating the possibility of infection while anti-sepsis is the use of chemicals to destroy germs already in the body or wound (Markovitch, 2005). UK’s National Health Service (2009) on Asepsis Surgery The United Kingdom National Health Service (2009, p. 3) defined asepsis as â€Å"the prevention of microbial contamination during invasive procedures or management of breaches in the skin’s integrity.† Literally, asepsis means â€Å"without microorganisms† (UK National Health Service, 2009, p. 3). Further, the NHS pointed out that an aseptic technique â€Å"ensures that only uncontaminated objects/fluids make contract with sterile/susceptible sites, minimizing the risks of exposure to potentially pathogenic organisms† (United Kingdom National Health Services, 2009, p. 9). In contrast, the â€Å"clean technique is a modified aseptic technique where the basic principle of an aseptic technique is used and clean gloves, clean fie ld and non sterile solutions are used† (United Kingdom National Health Services, 2009, p. 3). Based on the United Kingdom National Health Service (2009, p. 4-7), we can derive twelve principles followed in aseptic surgery. The first principle is the principle of non-touch or the principle that even if the hands are washed, the hands must not touch the sterile equipment or the patient. Non-touch can be achieved by using forceps or sterile gloves (United Kingdom Health Service, 2009). The second principle is the preparation of the equipment, environment, and patient for the aseptic procedure. This can involve cleaning and drying the patient body areas that will be affected by surgery. It also means ensuring that equipment and solutions are sterile and undamaged before use. According to the United Kingdom National Health Service (2009), any equipment including gloves that are contaminated must be discarded and replaced before use. The third principle is the use of â€Å"sterile of sterile equipment for the procedure, which has been stored appropriately until use† (United Kingdom National Health Service, 2009, p. 5). The fourth principle is the â€Å"avoidance of direct contact with the susceptible site† (United Kingdom National Health Service, 2009, p. 5). The fifth principle is â€Å"effective hand hygiene† that involves the decontamination of the doctors hands with an alcohol hand rub and most importantly with observation of a twelve-step procedure for hand decontamination adopted in 2008 (United Kingdom National Health Service, 2009, p. 5-6). The sixth principle is correct handling by doctors of sterile gloves: only the wrist end must be touched and the outer surface of the gloves must not be contaminated. The seventh principle is maintaining asepsis all throughout the medical procedure like surgery. The eighth principle is the use of appropriate clothing. The United Kingdom National Health Service prescribes, for example, that clini cal staff must have â€Å"sleeves that are short or rolled back, no wrist jewelry/watches, no false nails and no stoned rings† (United Kingdom National Health Service, 2009, p. 5). The ninth principle is the use of effectively cleaned equipment and appropriate personal protective equipment. The tenth principle is the separation of wastes between domestic and clinical wastes. The eleventh principle is

Proficient Key Tree Structure for Secure Dynamic Groups

Proficient Key Tree Structure for Secure Dynamic Groups Secure Group Communication ensures forward secrecy and backward secrecy of the data. It is the responsibility of the Group Center (GC) to disallow new members to have access to previous data called backward secrecy and existing members who have left the group to have further access to data called forward secrecy. Forward and backward secrecy can be ensured by updating the keys whenever a join/leave request is handled. This process is called as re-keying. The tree structure is appropriate for maintaining keys. Most of the schemes use binary tree structure for maintaining keys. The Key tree structure uses three kinds of keys such as Traffic Encryption Key (TEK), Key Encryption Key (KEK) and Individual Key (IK). TEK is the top level key called Group key, KEKs are the intermediate level keys called subgroup keys and IKs are the leaf level keys. Figure 3.1 shows the binary tree with 3-levels, which keeps keys at all levels. Based on the number of levels in the binary tree, the height of the tree (H) is calculated. Therefore the height H is 3 since there are three levels in the binary tree. Multicast group members are inserted into the tree only at leaf level. The number of nodes is 2n+1-1 and group members are 2n where ‘n’ is the number of levels in the tree. Here, there are eight members in the multicast group and are represented by M1 to M8. The top level key K0 is the TEK, K1 to K6 are KEKs and IK1 to IK8 are the member’s private keys. Figure 3.1 3-level Binary Tree In the key tree based group key management, the Key Centre (KC) delivers new keys to the group members by encrypting them with older keys. Then, the group members have to decrypt the encrypted keys with their old keys. All these encryption and decryption computations amplify the load on KC, resulting in delay to espouse the group key. It also increases power consumption to acquire the new group key. All keys must be stored in the memory of communication devices and group members have to accumulate the group keys in a secure memory like Universal Subscriber Identity module (USIM) to safeguard from various kinds of attacks and intrusions. Also, each program requires memory to reserve their secure keys. Since the memory space is limited, the number of keys to be stored must also be minimised. Keeping these constraints in sight, this work suggests the proficient key tree structure, considering the efficiencies of computation and storage costs. 3.1 PROFICIENT KEY TREE STRUCTURE (PKS) The proficient key tree structure consists of two parts in which the lower part constitutes of binary trees to minimise the communication cost and the upper part consists of flat trees up to 2 levels to alleviate the key computation and key storage costs. The TEK is directly connected to the KEKs on the top part of the tree so that it is a subset of the level homogeneous tree. Figure 3.2 Proficient Key Tree Structure with 1 flat level Figure 3.2 shows the proficient key tree with 1flat level and 1 binary level. A Flat tree is used for reducing the computation and storage costs. From the binary key tree, one TEK, 6 KEKs and 8 IKs are stored for 8 members at three levels. Compared to the 3-level binary key tree, l-flat level PKS maintains all 8 members at 2 levels and it requires 1 TEK, 4 KEKs and 8IKs. The number of KEK is reduced if flat tree is used. This reduces key storage and key computation costs. In case of 2 flat levels and 1 binary level, 1 KEK, 16 KEKs and 32 IKs are maintained for 32 members at 3 levels. Figure 3.3 shows the proficient key tree with 2 flat and 1 binary level. Joining and Leaving are two important operations in a multicast group. Figure 3.3 Proficient Key Tree Structure with 2 flat levels and 1 binary level If the member M24 wants to leave the group, some key updates are required for maintaining confidentiality and integrity of data. The keys K0, K3 and K16 should be updated as a part of re-keying process. The Key Centre selects a key for encryption of the new key and this new key must be kept secret from the leaving member. This ensures the property of forward secrecy. 3.1.1 Batch Re-keying When multiple members want to leave from the multicast group, the key updates are done as a batch called batch re-keying (Li et al 2001). In batch re-keying, the interval for which key server waits, is termed as re-key interval. The entire join and leave requests are collected during this re-key interval to generate new keys. Moreover, it also constructs a re-key message and multicasts it. Batch re-keying improves efficiency because the number of re-key messages to be signed is reduced. One message is signed for a batch of requests unlike one for each. Batch re-keying takes advantage of the possible overlap of new keys for multiple re-key requests. 3.1.2 Join Operation When a new member (Ui) wishes to join the group, the member has to send a request. In addition to the information of existing group members, the Key Distribution Center requires the new level K’ to insert the member into the tree (Figure 3.4). If the performance of the joining member is worst, then the new level K’ should be smaller than the level of present key tree structure (K). The following steps are followed to join the member in the multicast group. Step 1: Receive join request from the new member to the multicast group Step 2: Determine the level of the current tree, K and new level required K’ Step 3: If K’ is greater than or equal to K, check whether the tree is complete Step 4: If the tree is a complete tree, broadcast the remove key message that are on the same level K Step 5: If K’ is less than K, set K as K’ and check whether the tree is complete. Step 6: If the tree is complete, broadcast remove key messages that are on a higher level than or same level as K’ else broadcast that are on a higher level than K’. Figure 3.4 Key tree updates when user joins From the first part of the Figure 3.4, eight members are on the leaf level and the height of the lower part of the tree K is 2. If the member U9 joins into the tree, it is inserted at the leaf level. It requires one more level since the tree is complete. Therefore, the new level K’ is 3. In order to make the tree into a PKS tree, it needs to maintain the same level and the flat level is to be introduced. Therefore, the existing key tree structure is to be updated and it looks like the second part of the Figure 3.4. K1 and K2 are removed and the top level node is directly connected to K3, K4, K5 and K6 nodes after adding the new member at the leaf level. Figure 3.5 Join Operation in the PKS tree If K’ is greater than or equal to K, the KC need not to change the key tree level, excluding the case when the present key tree is a complete K-level PKS. In case of complete PKS, the key tree structure needs one more level to accommodate new members and to do so, KC should broadcast the remove key message to exterminate the KEKs in level K as in Figure 3.5. If K’ is less than K, it indicates that the height of PKS needs to be lowered from K+1 to K’+1 in order to support the new member. As lowering the height increases the communication cost depends on KC whether to accept the new join request or not. If such addition increases the communication cost, then Key Centre can reject the request. If the tree is complete PKS, KC has to broadcast the remove key message for removing the KEKs on same or higher level than K’. 3.1.3 Leave Operation If a group member wants to leave, it has to send a ‘Leave Request’ to the Key Centre. After receiving the request from the member(s), KC has to update the subgroup keys to maintain confidentiality and secrecy of communication. After updating the group keys, it may be a case that the height of the tree is changed due to the empty positions created as a result of leaving members. In such scenarios, height is recalculated for the tree structure’s lower part i.e. K†. In addition to this, if a group member leaves the group then the height of the tree is updated. Thus, a newly required level K’ is determined by considering the memory space and computation power of the remaining members. The following steps are followed to leave the member into the multicast group. Step 1: Receive a leave request from the member Step 2: Update new KEKs Step 3: Recalculate the height of the changed tree, K’’ Step 4: Determine a new required level K’ Step 5: If both K’’ and K’ are not equal and heightening the level of the tree, create levels from K’’+1 to K’. Figure 3.6 Key tree updates when a user leaves From the Figure 3.6, the member U9 wants to leave the multicast group. K is 2 and the height of the lower part of the changed key tree K† is 1. If K† is smaller than K, the KC decides to heighten the height of the tree. If it so, it generates new KEKs on level two. If K† is equal to K’ then the height of the changed key tree is same as the height of key tree which is required for communication. In this scenario, no changes will be done in the height of the key tree structure. If K† Figure 3.7 Leave operation in the PKS tree 3.2 PERFORMANCE METRICS The performance of the PKS tree structure is evaluated in different aspects of costs such as Key computation, Key storage. 3.2.1 Key Computation Cost In a key tree structure, three keys are considered. They are group key (TEK), subgroup key (KEK) and Individual Keys (IK). As the level in a key tree structure increases, the number of keys for the group or member also increases. The depth of a binary tree equals to the integer part of log2n, where‘n’denotes the number of nodes on the balanced tree. The PKS tree maintains two types of levels. They are the flat levels (fl) and binary levels (bl). The height (H) of the tree is the number of flat and binary levels, i.e., H=fl+bl. Each member has one key on each level. Therefore, the number of key computations is same as the height of the key tree. 3.2.2 Key Storage Cost Key storage cost is defined as the number of keys stored by each member in the multicast group and KC. Each member has to store one key on each level. Therefore, it is the height of the tree ‘fl+bl’ for the PKS tree and ‘bl’ for the binary tree. 3.3 SUMMARY Proficient tree based re-keying algorithm is proposed so that it reduces the number of re-keying operations per join/leave request. The Proficient Key Tree Structure has two parts in which the lower part constitutes of binary trees to minimise the communication cost and the upper part consists of flat trees to alleviate the key computation and key storage costs. The time efficiency of all key tree structures is based on the height of the trees. The height is the number of binary levels of the binary tree and the height of the PKS tree is based on the number of flat and binary levels. It is concluded that the time efficiency of the PKS tree is less than the binary tree since the height of PKS is lesser than the binary key tree for the specified number of members in the multicast group. Thus, the proficient key tree structure for re-keying is proposed in this chapter. It gives the complete picture about joining and leaving of users in the multicast group and the key computations during re-keying operations. Multilevel encryption and decryption using graceful codes are discussed in the following chapter.

the threat of nuclear proliferation Essay -- essays research papers

One of the foremost growing concerns in the modern globalized world is the increasing rate of nuclear proliferation. Coupled with the burgeoning number of nuclear devices is the threat of a terrorist possibly obtaining a weapon of such magnitude. While one could argue that the rising number of states with nuclear capability is a disturbing prospect, particularly as many pursue such capabilities without the approval of the â€Å"traditional† nuclear powers, terrorists in possession of nuclear arms presents the most horrific outlook concerning nuclear proliferation. Terrorist groups, unlike states, are not organized governmental bodies, which complicates any means of formalized diplomacy or negotiation. Furthermore, unlike as compared to a state, one cannot formally declare war on a terrorist group, thus causing difficulties in regards to concerns of specific conflicts or targets. It is not as if one could penalize a terrorist group with economic sanctions or any other means st ates employ to deter threats from and intimidate one another. The globalized world has created a form of terrorism that knows no borders, and it would be very difficult to exert one’s will on a terrorist group, at least on a large scale. The coinciding fact that terrorists do not conduct warfare in the same manner as states do makes them increasingly unpredictable. A terrorist employment of a nuclear arm would not occur during an organized conflict; rather it would be used in a terrorist attack without warning. And due to the growing fervor of fundamental religious terrorism, there is a greater willingness among terrorists to sacrifice their own lives in pursuit of their goals. These combined elements create a frightening world in which today’s most astounding new threat possesses weapons of the most awesome power. The key to identifying the threat posed by a particular terrorist group is its basic tenets, and the level of violence thereof. â€Å"Groups that model themselves on an avenging angel or a vindictive god†¦are more likely to lash out than those whose core myth is the suffering Messiah,† (Stern, p.72). For example, the element that may be both the most prevalent and violent in the world today is fundamental Islamic extremism. With its emphasis on violent martyrdom and conquest on â€Å"infidels,† Islam is a religion based on values that are easily twisted to an extreme. Due to their religious ... ...ain such a weapon. Terrorists will not acquiesce to the terms concerning possession and production of nuclear weapons handed down by an international organization, regardless of its power. The best we can hope for is a level of regulation among the nuclear-capable states of the world that is strong enough to remove the possibility of any terrorist acquisition of nuclear materiel. The inherent lack of rationality in the mind of a terrorist is the quintessential factor behind the frightening prospect of nuclear proliferation among radicals, whether they are fundamental religious extremists, or political radicals. The globalized world of the 21st century has seen the threat of politically driven state ideology fade out and give way to the new threat of terrorist ideology. The dangers of such illogical principles are only compounded when on considers the nuclear element, and its significance in the hands of those who seek solely to harm others. The interconnectedness of the modern global community has compounded the threat of worldwide terrorism, and with greater nuclear proliferation, the potential for a devastating nuclear terrorist attack should shock and awe civilians everywhere.

My Life had stood †a Loaded Gun Essay

Emily Dickinson’s â€Å"My Life had stood – a Loaded Gun† is a powerful poem that takes into account various thematic expressions. Its comprehensiveness in brevity is another essential feature of this poem. It symbolizes power and unconventional feminist urges on the art of the poetess. In this poem, Emily Dickinson finds an instrument adequate enough to render her need for fulfillment through absolute commitment to love’s service. The poem begins with a brilliant conceit. Fused from the ambiguous abstraction of life and the explicit concretion of loaded gun, it expresses the charged potential of the human being who remains dormant until â€Å"identified† into a conscious vitality. And after hat identification, we observe the start of a new poem i. e. the start of a new life. Historically, it was written in age when American society was torn with civil war. The symbol that Emily Dickenson has used is an essence of an experience. It is quite obvious that a universal insight that the poet tries to express in not obtained merely by imaginative wandering, it is based on concrete experiences. Emily Dickinson presents the same insight into the historical experiences of her time. The very first stanza symbolizes the paradox of finding oneself through losing oneself. It is rendered in the poem by one word: identity is claimed when someone claimed the gun as her own. The American civil war was also the process of finding ones own identity by losing ones own identity. The internal rivalries and petty identities were to be removed to achieve a national reconciliation. This national reconciliation ultimately brought the national identity. Although this process was on halt and stayed â€Å"in corners† for many decades till a day came. Now they â€Å"roam in Sovereign Woods†. So Emily Dickinson has epitomized a national experience. Now this â€Å"gun† is â€Å"foe of His – I’m deadly foe†. â€Å"His can be described in various connotations. â€Å"His† is emblem of nation state that is fully sovereign. â€Å"His† is an integrated society or the one who longs to be integrated after the pathos and miseries of Civil war. Poetess further emphasize that â€Å"None stir the second time -/ whom I lay a Yellow Eye -/ an emphatic Thumb†. All these gestures are for those who are internal or external antagonists to the new national experience. This poem has also captivated the feminist attention who has given it a new evaluative dimension. Some critics are of the view that thorough this poem, Emily has tried to present a woman that she was not primarily in the second half of the 19th century whereas other feminist critics holds the view that poem totally negates the feminine qualities and the main metaphor considers â€Å"everything [that]†woman† is not: cruel not pleasant, hard not soft, emphatic not weak, one who kills not one who nurtures. † (Bennet, 1986) But Emily Dickinson has provided a framework of power i. e. feminine power and established certain pattern on which women power can grow and has shown certain direction where women power can direct itself. It must be kept in mind that all the action verbs in the poem are not destructive or of insidious nature. It expresses powers to â€Å"hunt† â€Å"speak† â€Å"smile† â€Å"guard† and â€Å"kill†. So this power has paradoxical nature and a balance mix of these powers is necessary as shown and done by Emily Dickinson. Furthermore, Miss Dickinson does show a longing for deadliness but in actuality it is only for safeguarding. Wrath is a part of her being but she does not let it go if not invoked or incited. So her aggression and anger and the consequences as a result of it (killing and deaths) are not unwomanly but are an extension of her very personality. These feelings are not uncommon but are surely unpredictable. In the second half of the poem, she is only providing guard to one who has helped her to get rid of her alienation and had blessed her with intimacy. Here Emily Dickinson seems conventional in her feminist approach that a woman can do everything unwomanly for the one who is her companion in true sense of the word. Christine Miller (1987) says in this regard that â€Å"In the second instance, the speaker prefers guarding the master to having shared his pillow, that is, to having shared intimacy with him–primarily sexual, one would guess from the general structure of the poem. † On the other hand, this poem expresses the agonies of a female poet that was restricted by her family and society to a narrow life devoid of any intellectual and/or literary independence. These social and familial compulsion produced rashness in Emily’s attitude. She was forced to produce art in seclusion and to it keep to herself only. So language becomes her only mean and tool to bear the torments of her intellectual beings. She embodies language as gun and is of the view that this loaded gun accompanied with her literary beings is fatal for socio-cultural compulsion against women. It provided her a sense of power and control. She further eulogizes language and considers it a safeguard to her literary being. And her language is enemy to al those traditions, norms, people and things who are against her poetical endeavors. This poem can further illustrate the conflicts between two classes with their interest. Although this conflict is not materialistic or monetary but it exists in the socio-cultural domain. One class adheres to the conventions and does not allow female members to express their view on any issue especially in the form of poetry whereas other lass are comprised of the intellectual beings who consider it their right to create and disseminate their thoughts and ideas in the literary form. This poem symbolizes the struggle of the latter class and demonstrates that they are more powerful than the convention-ridden society. The poem starts with an individual quest for his/her identity but it changed into a capitalized â€Å"We†. Now the concern of the poetess is no more individualistic and sentimental, rather it has been transformed into something collective, societal and concrete. The identities have been mingled up with each other. Both owner and the â€Å"owned† perform the same masculine activities. They are no more individual but become a part of the larger whole i. e. society. Overall the poem captures a variety of themes through various thematic expressions. Although the conclusion is disturbing but it has relevance to the thematic expressions as it tries to resolve the problem initiated in the first half. Powerlessness or even fear of that is death to the poetess has no other option but â€Å"to die† without powerlessness. Last stanza is not a moralistic commentary but is identification of a wider truth. Bennett, Paula. My Life a Loaded Gun: Dickinson, Plath, Rich, and Female Creativity. Boston: Beacon Press. 1986. Gilbert, Sandra M & Gubar, Susan. The madwoman in the attic: the woman writer and the nineteenth-century literary imagination. New Haven: Yale University Press. 1979. Miller, Christanne. Emily Dickinson, a poet’s grammar. Cambridge, Mass. : Harvard University Press. 1987. Smith, Martha Nell & Loeffelholz, Mary. A companion to Emily Dickinson. Malden, MA: Blackwell Pubishers. 2008.

The Pact Essay Essays

The Pact Essay Essays The Pact Essay Essay The Pact Essay Essay The reason this book was written was not to entertain us with their life, but to inspire people who dont believe in their selves. Dry. Sampson Davis, Dry. George Jenkins, and Dry. Rammer Hunt want to share their story to show people that you can truly do anything if you put your mind to it. Growing up in Newark, New Jersey was not easy for these three boys. The streets were dangerous, each of their familys had money issues, and they had broken homes. There werent many people who pushed and inspired these boys to do great things. George became inspired to be a dentist when e was just a young boy. Rammer relied on his grandmother, who he called Mac to help him throughout his life. In high school, there was a presentation from Sexton Hall about an Educational Opportunity Program. The POP had a program called the Pre-Medical/Pre-Dental Plus Program. This program helped people who didnt have enough money to start medical school. George, Sam, and Rammer decided to make a pact they were going to medical school. George, Sam, and Rammer changed their outlook on life after going through the premedical program and completing medical school. They grew up on he streets trying to stay out of trouble, and somehow managed to push themselves to becoming doctors. There were many instances where they got in trouble with the police. They had problems with drugs and alcohol in the area, as well as getting robbed. After making the pact to go through medical school, they realized how important it was to straighten out their lives each time they got in trouble. They had faith in each other and more importantly their selves. They were encouraged by many people along their journey of becoming doctors. The road to becoming doctors and dentists was without a doubt very tough. However, it was a learning experience. When George, Sam, and Rammer went back home after succeeding in their schooling, they realized how their lives could Of turned out. They learned to succeed in something as hard as media school; you need the support of others. Having a group of trustworthy friend with the same goals as you, and adults who believe in you is what will push you through the hard times. They learned they couldnt be afraid to lean on their friends when they needed them. When they needed help and support they couldnt be afraid to ask for it or show they needed it. George, Sam, an Rammer also learned that communication is the key. You cant go through lie alone; you need to open up to people and be honest with those you trust. Most importantly, they learned how to believe in yourselves and your friend If you have faith in yourself, you will go much farther than if you think you cant. Overall, The Pact, written by Dry. Sampson Davis, Dry. George Jenkins, and Rammer Hunt was a great book. The message in this autobiography was true inspiring. It taught me that you dont have to have a beautiful childhood to become successful. It is never too late to turn your life around. The only tail I didnt enjoy in this book was the changing of authors. It became confusing keep up with what events happened to each person. However, I did like hoi, you could see the different perspectives of each of them. I would defiantly recommend The Pact to others. Especially, if they need help believing they can achieve something. This book has a great message and is inspiring to al that read it. Could of turned out. They learned to succeed in something as hard as medical school; you need the support of others.

Brunelleschis dome and the Greek Pantheon

Brunelleschis dome and the Greek Pantheon Free Online Research Papers Although Brunelleschi never duplicated classical features, he borrowed ideas from the ancient ruins and incorporated them into the desighn of his dome† (1). When a revival of classical styles became popular, new edifices in the classical style were built alongside or added to buildings of older styles. This is how the renaissance revived the classical past. The Ancient Greek Pantheon has a long history and has undergone extensive damage and restoration. The Greek Pantheon is divided into two distinct architectural sections, having height and diameter of equal dimensions. At the top of the dome is an opening, through this opening is the only way external light may enter. The Ancient Greek Pantheon used heavier material at the bottom and lighter materials at the top, this produced a self-buttressing system. The dome of the Ancient Greek Pantheon was heavy and was made out of solid concrete. It is the largest non reinforced concrete dome. The gothic masons that worked on the Ancient Greek Pantheon â€Å"built with pointed arches to create vaults that were reinforced with ribs† (2). Also during the time when the Ancient Greek Pantheon was constructed the masons used tall granite columns. This type of column was used in a lot of classical styles. In looking at the measurements of the ancient greek pantheon the whole interior would fit exactly within a cube. Also the height of the oculus and the diameter of the interior circle are the same. These things show that ancient roman units of measurement are used, and almost certainly had symbolic meaning, â€Å"either numerical, geometric, or lunar† (3). The symbols here show the peoples worshipping of a higher power. The cathedrals 44 windows also have a symbolic meaning. The construction of the dome on top of the cathedral of Florence marks the begining of Renaissance architecture. The cathedral of Florence was built over many years as well. Filippo Brunelleschi traveled to Rome to study the classical construction of arches and columns, and incorporated his findings in his studies into the dome on top of the cathedral of Florence. In the mass sacristy the chamber has inlaid wood panels by Florentine masters of the 15th. Century. The artists used linear perspective that was invented in the early 1400s. Brunelleschi’s dome was 45 meters wide, and was originally made out of wood. The usual way to build arches or domes in these times was to use scaffolding. Brunelleschi made the decision to build his dome without scaffolding, in a way that it would support itself similar to the Pantheon. Even today 600 years after it was built the dome is still the tallest building in Florence. In conclusion you can see the same type of construction methods in both the pantheon and the dome. Such as the way both structures were built to be self supporting. Both structures are meant to be places of worship and have very specific measurements and symbols of worship and of a higher power. The pantheon and the dome are built on land that is raised higher than the land around it and both structures have stairs leading to them. The pantheon holds the record for the largest non reinforced concrete dome and the dome of Brunelleschi is the tallest building in Florence to this day. As you can see a lot of the quality’s and ideas of the classical style is apparent in the dome and the dome was the mark of the start of the renaissance. We could admire the pantheon for all its wonder and history and for the time that it was constructed, we can admire the dome for its new outlook on the classical style either way we stand back in awe. Research Papers on Brunelleschi's dome and the Greek PantheonMind TravelCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoThree Concepts of PsychodynamicRiordan Manufacturing Production Plan19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThe Effects of Illegal Immigration

Deontological Ethical Theory Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Deontological Ethical Theory - Essay Example The deontological ethical theory has its own weakness. For example, t makes room for using logical reasoning in determining what is right (Hoy, 2005). Once this is done, interpretation of the rules becomes a very difficult thing to do since everyone has their own discretion within which the rules are explained. In such a situation, it becomes very difficult to have a single modality under which ethics are applied.Consequentiality is another ethical view point that can be applied in the use of technology. In the premise of this ethical theory, there is the need to strive to increase utility. The strength with this is that the greater good of most people is sought instead of the subjective needs of a few people. This way, ethics are enforced because workers are made to look for the interest of other external stakeholders.What this theory lacks however is the fact that it fails to set the parameter as to who should be responsible for evaluating the consequences that affected people suff er. As a result, even though there is quest to satisfy people’s needs and values, the willpower to do this can be missing. Within the modern technological society, deontology can be said to hold more easily than consequentiality. This is because companies seem less concerned about the consequences of their actions on the public. Rather, they only focus on their profits. It is not surprising that global warming continues to be alarming as the number of technological companies continues to increase.

International Business Strategy of Zara Case Study

International Business Strategy of Zara - Case Study Example The firm that is analyzed in the paper is Zara. This Spanish fashion retailer is the leader in Europe, followed by the Swedish, H&M and UK’s Marks & Spencers. Headquartered in the industrial estate of Sabon-Artexio, outside A Caruna in Spain, Zara has over 2700 stores round the world, the latest having opened in China, Serbia, Sweden and Tunisia in 2006 and in Poland, Romania and Russia in 2008. Inditex SA, the holding company, clocked revenues of $8.5 billion in 2007, of which Zara contributed 66 percent. The expansion strategy positively contributed to the increase of Inditex’s share value. The other fashion brands in Inditex’s stable, Pull & Bear, Massimo Dutti, Bershka, Stradivarius and Oysho, though having the potential of cannibalizing some of Zara’s advantage, are really no competition to Zara. Zara has stores in over 60 countries in Europe, America and Asia. However, the retailer has not gone whole hog in international expansion, particularly in th e United States and Asia, because it has not expanded its supply chain wide enough to sell in these markets without holding high inventories. Instead, the company focuses on consolidation in the European markets, entering recently into Ireland, Iceland, the Czech Republic, Luxembourg, Finland and Italy and is expanding in England and Germany. Zara’s business strategy is in contrast to most other apparel and other consumer product retailers in the world. Zara produces as many as 12,000 new items of clothing every year, which is nearly four times the average of the apparel industry. Besides, it replaces stock in 3 weeks, which is also 12 times faster than the industry average (Diaz, 2005). Zara's distinctive competence is consisted of vertical integration of design, just-in-time manufacturing system, delivery and sales; flexibility structures, low inventory, quick customization response and specific human capital (Castellano 1993; 2002). Amancio Ortega, founder of Inditex , claimed the aim of Zara is to " democratize fashion by offering the latest fashion in medium quality at affordable prices" This paper will discuss Zara's business model, particularly in relation to its supply chain and customization system, to understand whether its transnational business strategy is flexible, efficient and adapt to a learning process, which, according to Ghoshal's (1987) model, are the goals of a global firm. Theoretical Background The strategic tools that a global company has in order to gain competitive advantage are through exploitation of differences in input and output markets that exist in different markets. Besides, benefiting from economies of scale of operating in different markets and activities, global firms can gain competitive advantage that optimizes risks, efficiency and absorption of learning in different markets (Ghoshal, 1987) For some companies, global integration may result in competitive advantage through economies of scale. For some others, global expansion may not result in competitive advantage when the corporate hierarchy thrusts such a strategy on the company because of difficulties managing large organizations that blur centralized and decentralized policy decisions (Ghoshal, 1987). Since the second half of the 20th century, transnational companies have been the main agents of globalization in all industries, whether through investments, trade and the internet (Gereffi, 2001). In times of globalization, a firm's competitive strength in